Apparatus for making metal rings



1 Jam. 10, 1939 T. G. MONAHAN M APPARATUS FOR MAKING METAL RINGSOriginal Filed Ocq. 2, 1934 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 3nventor Thomas G. Monaharztorneg H2 M II- Jam. 10, 1939. T. G. MONAHAN I 2,143,7@7

APPARATUS FOR MAKING METAL RINGS ol i inal Filed 001;. 2.1954

8 Sheets-Sheet 2 L I 15 Jnnentor v Thomas G. monahan attorney Jan. 101939. v T. G. MONAHAN' 2,143,707

APPARATUS FOR MAKING METAL RINGS Original Filed 00L ,2. 1954 8sheets-sheet 3 inventor Thomas GzNORQhOI? (Ittorneg jan. 10, 1939. T. G.MONAHAN 2,143,70?

Sheet 4 Original Filed Oct. 2, 1934 8 Sheets- 9 us 45 114 f! 0 fisJ Jan.10,1939. 1 T. G. MONAHAN 2,143,707 APPARATUS FOR MAKING METAL RINGSOriginal Filed Oct. ,2. 1934 8Sheets-$heet 5 V i ill Jan. 10, 1939. T.G. MONAHAN I 2,143,707

APPARATUS FOR MAKING METAL RINGS Original Fileci Oct. 2, 1934 8Sheets-Sheet 6 I In .. Thomas Gamer: hem

Jan. 10, 1939. T. 5. MONAHAN' 2,143,707

APPARATUS FOR MAKING METAL RINGS Original Filed Oct. 2, 1934 8Sheets-Sheet 7 I Ennentor vThomas (:Nonahbm '(Ittorneg Jam. 10, 1939..

T. G. MONAHAN APPARATUS FOR MAKING METAL RINGS Original Filed Oct; ,2,1954 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Patented Jan. 10, 1939 2,143,707 APPARATUS FORMAKING METAL RINGS Thomas G. Monahan, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, as .signorto The Firestone Steel Products Company, Akron,

Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Original application October 2, 1934, SerialNo.

Divided and this application December 12, 1935, Serial No. 54,058

13 Claims.

The invention relates to apparatus for making metal rings, and moreespecially it relates to mechanism for concurrently producing aplurality of metal rings by longitudinally shearing a helical coil ofmetal strip material.

In the illustrative embodiment of the invention herein presented, theinvention is shown in its application to the manufacture of rings suchas the side rings or removable flanges of pneumatic tire rims. In themanufacture of rings from heavy metal strips, it is required that theend portions of the strips be firmly gripped by the mechanism that bendsthem to circular shape, with the result that said end portions are moreor less mutilated and require subsequently to be removed. By usinglonger metal strips, forming each into a helical coil, and then shearingthe coil longitudinally to provide a plurality of individual rings, itis possible to produce a plurality of rings and have but two waste-endsfrom each coil instead of two from each ring as heretofore. On largeproduction the saving thus effected is substantial.

The chief objects of the invention are to provide an improved apparatusfor longitudinally shearing a helical coil of metal strip material; toprovide apparatus of the character mentioned capable of shearing coilsof a large number of different diameters; to provide for shearing thecoils accurately to produce rings of the proper diameter; and to obviatewaste in the manufacture of rings suitable for tire rim flanges. Otherobjects will be manifest.

This application is a division of my co-pending application Serial No.746,527, filed October 2, 1934.

Of the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of apparatus embodying and adapted to carryout the invention in its preferred form, and the work therein, inwork-receiving position, a part of the apparatus being broken away;

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 asviewed from the line 2-2 thereof;

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a detail elevation, partly in section, showing a yieldingconnection between an oscillating arm and an angular extension thereof;

Figure 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig- 55 ure 5;

Figure 7 is a section, on a larger scale, on the line |-'l of Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a partial side elevation of the apparatus viewed from theside opposite Figure 1;

Figure 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of Fig- 5 ure 8;

Figure 10 is an elevation of a four-way valve controlling the fluidpressure that operates the oscillating arms;

Figure 11 is an edge view of a helical coil of 10 metal strip materialconstituting the work, before mounting in the improved shearingapparatus;

Figure 12 is an edge View of one of the rings produced from the coilshown in Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a fragmentary front elevation of the ring shown in Figure12;

Figure 14 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the operation ofexpanding the work to determinate size before the shearing operation;and

Figure 15 is a section on the line |5-I5 of Figure 14.

Referring to the drawings, the apparatus comprises an upright support orframe 20, the upper part of which is provided with suitable verticalslideways for a reciprocable head 2|. The latter is reciprocated bymeans of the usual eccentric one-revolution clutch (not shown), and theoperation of said clutch is controlled by a foot pedal 22 that ispivoted at 23 at the base of the frame 80 20. The head 2| carries aremovable adapter block 24 at its lower end, and the underside of saidadapter block carries a tool holder 25 in which are mounted a pluralityof cutting tools or blades 26, 26. The tool holder and tools aredisposed obliquely with relation to the horizontal, being inclinedupwardly toward the front of the machine.

Mounted upon the front of frame 20, below head 2|, is a bracket-likestructure 28 having an overhanging, forwardly and obliquely upwardlyextending portion or horn 29. The top of horn 29 is transverselyrecessed at 30 and mounted in said recess is a die block 3| that isslightly tapered upwardly on its lateral faces, and has a tongue andgroove connection with the horn structure at its bottom. The die blockis disposed at the same oblique angle as the horn and tool holder 25,and carries a plurality of dies or stationary shear elements 32, 32 thatcooperate with the respective blades 26 to shear the work when the head2| is lowered. All of the blades 26 are in alignment with each other, asare the shear elements 32, and all are positioned in the same plane,which plane is radially disposed with relation to the work to besheared, as is clearly shown in Figure 2.

Mounted upon the top of horn 29, at each side of die block 3i andparallel thereto, are stationary spreader shoes 34, 34. Said spreadershoes have tongue and groove connection with said horn, and the dieblock 3i and spreader shoes are fixedly secured to the horn by Wedgeblocks 35, that are secured to the horn between the die block and therespective spreader shoes. suitable means such as the screws 36 may beemployed for attaching said wedge blocks to the horn. Each spreader shoe35 is formed with a plurality of transverse slots 3?, 3}, see Figures 1and 14, and a shaft 38 is mounted-in each spreader shoe, longitudinallythereof,'so as to intersect said slots. J ournaled on each shaft 38 area plurality of rollers 39, 39, which rollers are aligned. with saidslots and provide support for work. mounted in said slots. The spreadershoes are so positioned with relation to the die block 3! and dies 32thereon that work supported on the spreader shoes will span the dieblock, in proper relationto the dies to permit subsequent shearing of;the work, but in slightly spaced relation to the dies to permit relativemovement therebetween during the expanding of the work to size prior tothe shearing operation.

The work as it comes to the shearing apparatus is acoil of strip metalconsisting of a pluralityof laterally abutting, helical convolutions,the end portions of the coil, which require to be severed because ofmutilation during the coiling operation, being substantially overlapped.The

work shown is arcuate in cross-section, being designed for themanufacture of side flanges for pneumatic tire rims, so that theadjacent convolutions of the coil are more or less nested. The diameterof the coil is substantially the same as the finished rim flanges, thatis, after the coil has been cut into individual rings and the ends ofthe latter welded together.

In mounting the coil 4| in the apparatus, the operator passes the coilover horn 29, manually separates the respective convolutions of thecoil, and inserts them in the respective slots 3'5 of the spreader shoes34, as shown in Figure L'that portion of each convolution intermediatethe spreader shoes being properly positioned with g: relation to theshearing dies 32, as shown best in- Figure 3. The overlapped endportions of the coil are positioned centrally at the top thereof, one oneach side of the dies 32,.as shown in Figure 2. After the coil 4| ismounted upon the apparatus, it is expanded or increased in diametersothat the rings sheared therefrom are of longer length than thecircumference of the finished rings, the excess length being utilizedduring the subsequent welding togetherof the end portions of the rings.Expansion of the coil is effected by radially directed rolling pressureapplied to four different points on each convolution of the coil.Referring now to Figure 3 ofthe drawings, it will be seen that the horn29 is formed with a longitudinal bore 43 extending from a rectangularshaped recess l i in the front end of the horn to a transverse slot 45through the, rear end of the horn, there being a transverse slot 46 oflarger size, contiguous with slot 45, extending through bracketstructure 28. As shown most clearly in Figure 15, bore 43 is ellipticalin section and has its long axis'vertically disposed. Slidablymountedfor vertical movement in front recess 44 is abearing block 47, saidbearing block being retainedin said recess by a pair of guard plates 48,

Any"

48 aflixed to the front end of the horn. Vertical adjustment of bearingblock 41 is effected by means of an adjusting screw 49 that has anenlarged head at its lower end mounted in an undercut slot 53 formed inthe top of the bearing block, said screw being threaded upwardly throughthe horn structure into a recess 5 I- in the top thereof, and having alock nut 52 threaded onto its upper end portion bearing against thebottom of said recess.

A somewhat similar rear bearing block 53 is slidably mounted intransverse slot 45 between lateral guide plates 54, 54 positioned overthe open ends of said slot as shown in Figure 4. Bearing block 53' isprovided with an upwardly extending adjusting screw 55 that has a locknut 56' threaded onto its upper end portion, which is positioned withina recess 57 in the top of the horn structure. Both adjusting screws havesquared end portions for engagement with a wrench.

Journaled' in bushings. 58 of bearing blocks. 41",,

53 is a quill 60 that projects beyond the said. bearing blocks at bothits ends, and journaled in quill 69 is a shaft 6.! that projects beyondboth ends of said quill, the arrangement being such that quill. 68 andshaft 6| may be moved angularly of each other. Mounted upon theprojecting front end portion of quill 60 is a laterally extendingspreader arm 62; and a somewhat similar spreader arm 63 is secured tothe projecting rear end portion of said. quill, the arms 62, 63 beingparallel to each other, the rear arm 63 extending outwardly from slot46. In like manner a spreader arm 64-, similar to arm 52, is mountedupon the projecting front end portion of shaft 61, and a spreader arm65, similar toarm' 63, is mounted upon the projecting rear end portionof said shaft and projects. outwardly from slot 46;.

Arms 64, 65- are parallel toeach other, and project' in oppositedirection with. relation to arms 52' and. 63. Thus arms 62', 6.3- may beoscillated in unison by angular movement of quill 6:0, and arms 54, 65-may be similarly oscillated by angular movement of shaft 6|.

Quill 60 and shaft 6| are rocked in unison by means of a double-actingfluid pressure cylinder 616 that isformed integral with bracketstructure 28, below horn 29, the axis of said cylinder beingperpendicular tothe axis of-said horn. The fluid pressure cylindercomprises a piston 6'1, and a downwardly-extending piston rod 68; upon.the lower or outer end of which ayoke 0r cross-head 69. ismounted, saidcross-head having limited adjustability longitudinally of. said pistonrod. S cured to the respective ends of the cross-head 69- are drag-rodsl0, l0 that extend upwardly therefrom on opposite sides of the cylinder66, passing slidin'gly through respective guide-brackets H formed on thecylinder wall. At their upper ends the drag-rods are pivotally connectedto one end of respective arcuate drag links 12, the other ends of. saidlinks being pivotally connected. to respective rear spreader arms 53 and65. Operation of cylinder 65 moves the arms 53, 65 between. thepositions shown in full lines in Figure 7 and the positions shown inbroken lines in the same figure.

Pressure fluid such as water, is conducted to the upper end of cylinder66 through inlet-andoutlet pipe '15, and in like manner is conducted tothe lower end of said cylinder through inletand-outlet pipe 16. Fluidconductor pipes 15, 16 extend to a four-way'valve H Figure I0,-that' ismounted upon the rear of the frame 20, said valvealso being connected toan exhaust pipe 18, and a fluid supply pipe 19 that extends to a sourceof pressure fluid (not shown). The valve 11 is of the sliding type,-andis operated by the piston rod of a double-acting fluid pressure cylinder8| that is mounted beside and in axial alignment with said valve 11.Pressure fluid, prefer.

ably air, is supplied to the respective ends of cylinder 8! throughinlet and-outlet pipes 92, 83 that extend to a four-Way rotary plugvalve 9% mounted upon the side of apparatus frame 29, said valve alsoincluding an exhaust pipe 89, and a fluid inlet pipe 86 connected with asource of fluid pressure (not shown).

The rotary plug of valve 955 is turned angularly by means of a pair ofsprockets 81, 89, Figure 9, secured on the stem thereof. Secured tosprocket 81 and passing partly about the same is a sprocket chain 99that has its other end connected to a foot pedal 90, the latter beingpivotally mounted at 9i on the base of frame 20 and extending forwardlytherefrom to the front of the machine. Secured to sprocket 98 andpassing partly about the same is a sprocket chain 92 that has its otherend connected to one end of a tension spring 93, the other end of thelatter being secured to a fixed point on frame 20.

The arrangement is such that depressing foot pedal 99 turns valve 84 inone direction to admit fluid through one of pipes 92, 93 to operatecylinder BI which in turn so operates valve 11 as to admit fluid throughpipe 15 to the top of cylinder 66. This lowers the piston of the latterand thereby moves the spreader arms of the apparatus to proper position.Valve 84 is turned in the opposite direction to reverse the proceduredescribed, and thereby to move the spreader arms to inoperativeposition, by means of the tension spring 93, which spring also lifts thefoot pedal to elevated, inoperative position, which p0sition may bedefined by a stop-bracket which the pedal may engage.

It is essential that pedal 90 remain in depressed position during theinterval that pedal 22 is depressed and released, and to this endautomatically operating mechanical means is provided so that theoperator is not required to use both feet to operate the apparatus. Saidmeans comprises a one-tooth ratchet 91 mounted upon the stem of valve 89beside sprocket 09. Engageable withratchet 91 is a pawl 98 that ispivotally mounted at 99 upon a suitable bracket secured to frame 20,said pawl having a medial ratchetengaging portion that engages thesingle tooth of ratchet 91, when the plug of valve 94 is turnedcounter-clockwise as viewed in Figure 8 by the depressing of foot pedal90, with the result that pedal 90 remains depressed after the operatorremoves his foot therefrom. The free end of pawl 98 is pivotallyconnected to the lower end of a vertically arranged link I09, the upperend of which is pivotally connected to one end of a lever IIII that ispivoted at I02, at its middle. The opposite end of lever IOI ispositioned in contact with. the underside of one end of a lever I03 thatis pivotally mounted at I04 on frame 20, at right angles to lever IOI.The other end of lever I93 extends into the path of a pawl or click I95that is pivotally mounted at I99 on the reciprocating head ZI. Thearrangement is such that the pawl moves freely about its pivot I06 so asto pass lever I93, in the downward movement of the head ZI withoutdisturbing said lever. In the rising movement of said head, pawl I05engages and tilts lever I03 so that the latter tilts lever NH andthereby lifts link I00 to raise pawl 90 out of engagement with ratchet91, thereby permitting spring 93 to turn valve 84 clockwise and liftingfoot pedal 90 to its elevated position. This results in reversing theposition of piston 61 in cylinder 96 whereby the spreader arms arereturned to inoperative position.

The work-extending mechanisms carried by the respective pairs ofspreader arms 62, 63 and 64, 05, on opposite sides of horn 29, aresubstantially identical so that but one of them need be described, thesame reference numerals being used for both. Carried at the free ends ofspreader arms 62, 63 is a shaft I01, said arms being formed withlongitudinally disposed slots I08 through which the shaft extends sothat it is adjustable radially with relation to the axis of said arms.Journaled upon shaft I01, centrally thereof, is an extension arm I09,and at each side of said extension arm respective tubular spacer sleevesH0, H0 are mounted upon said shaft. The end portions of the spreaderarms are formed with parallel knurling on their opposite faces, and theadjacent end faces of the respective spacer members are complementallyknurled, the arrangement being such as to prevent relative movementbetween spreader arms and spacer sleeves. Similarly knurled washers III,III are mounted on the shaft I01 between the outer faces of the spreaderarms and nuts II2 on the respective ends of the shaft. The medialportion of extension arm I09 is cut away at II3 about shaft I01, andjournaled on the latter, in said cut-away portion, is a plurality ofgrooved rollers H4, H4. 1 At its free margin the extension arm is formedwith a plurality of transverse slots H5, H5, and mounted in said slotsare respective rollers II6 that are journaled on a shaft II1 thattraverses said slots H5. The rollers II6 are substantially in alignmentwith the respective rollers I I4. Suitable concentric recesses IIB areformed in the abutting faces of the extension arm I09 and one of thespacer sleeves I I0, and in said recesses is mounted a torsion spring 9that encircles shaft I01 and has its end portions engaging the extensionarm and spacer sleeve respectively, as is most clearly shown in Figures5 and 6.

The arrangement is such that the extension arm I09 normally yieldinglyis urged angularly about shaft I01 toward the adjacent side of horn 29.Mounted upon the lateral face of horn 29 is a cam plate I2I that has acam face that is convex about an axis extending longitudinally of thehorn. Engaging cam I2I is a plurality of cam rollers I22 that arejournaled upon a shaft I23 carried in a suitable supporting block I24that is mounted upon the adjacent lateral face of extension arm I09, thetorsionspring II9 urging the cam rollers constantly into engagement withthe cam.

In the operation of the apparatus, the same being in the inoperativeposition shown in Figures 1 and 2, the operator mounts the workcoil M byseparating the convolutions thereof and seating them upon the supportingrollers 39 and in proper relation to shearing dies 32, with theoverlapped end portions of the coil in proper angular positions aspreviously has been described. It will be noted that the distancebetween the supporting rollers 39 and shaft BI is greater than theradius of the work-coil. This is necessarily so and the feature ofproviding adjusting screws 49, 55 for hearing blocks 41,

53 respectively make it possible to alter the po- 75,

1' the .latter is securely held gage the. respective convolutions of.the work. at.

two. widely separated points and rollers H6 engageasaid convolutions atspacedpointaandpress outwardly upon said convolutions, with the resultthat the diameter of the work-coil is enlarged; by a partial uncoilingor untwisting thereof, which shortens the overlap of? the end portionsof the coil. Since the coil. 4|. is supported entirely upon rollers, theexpansion. of the coil.

is accomplished with minimum effort and friction.. As soon as pedal 90is depressed, pawl 98 engages one-tooth ratchet 91 associated with.valve 84, and prevents reversal of saidvalvewhen.

;- the'operator removes his foot from: pedal 90,

with the resultv that. thespreader arms continue to' holdto work-coil inexpanded position. The rollers 3.9,v H4 and IZI6 provide six points ofsupportfor each convolution of the work wherebywith but slightdeformation, if any.

The operator then depressesfoot pedal- 22 which operates the propermechanismto. cause. the head. 2-.I- to perform an operative cycleconsisting of a ;1 downwardmovement and then an upward movement. At the.lowermost position of the head 2!, the blades 26 carried thereby are inshearing relation with dies 32, thereby shearing the severalconvolutions, of the work, and producing. a plurality ofsplit' ringsI25, Figures 12 and; 13-; As the head 2I- rises after its downward,cutting stroke, click I on said head. engages. and. tilts lever I03,which motion is translated through 1e:- ver I III and link I03 to. pawl98 to lift the latter; so that it releases one-tooth ratchet. 97:.

Spring 93 then lifts pedal 90, and reverses the:

position. of valve 34, thusv causing valve 1:1: to dis.- charge thepressure fluid from theupper end of. cylinder 66 and concurrentlyto.charge the lower end. thereof, whereby the-spreader arms are returned to their normal inoperative positions. This completes one cycleof operation. of: theapparatus. Because the work-coil M: is shearedwhile in expanded condition, each ring IE5 is somewhat longer than a.convolution of the original-coil, so thatv when said rings are removedfrom the shearing apparatus their end portionsoverlap: about a halfinch, as isclearly shown ins Figure 13. This overlap or surpl'usisutilized omwhen the respective ends of the rings subseparting from thespirit of the invention or the- 70 quently are welded together toproduce endless structures.

Theapparatus is rapid and accurate in operation, it is capable ofadjustment for cutting coils of various diameters, and it accomplishesthe ther advantagesset out in the foregoing statement of objects.

Modification may be resorted to without descope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is: I. In apparatus for making metal rings, the

combination of' means for supportinga helical coil ofistrip' metal withthe respective convolutions thereof. in spaced relation to each other,

means for increasing. the normal diameter of. said coil while it is sosupported, and means for simul taneously severing the severalconvolutions of the coil while its diameter is increased.

2. In apparatus for making metal rings, the combination of means forsupporting a. helical coil of strip metal with the respectiveconvolutions thereof in spaced. relation to each other, means foruntwisting the coil in such a manner as uniformly to increase the normaldiameter thereof, and means for simultaneously shearing all theconvolutions of the coil along a, single plane parallel to its axis toproduce individual rings from the respective convolutions thereof.

3. In apparatus for making metal rings, the combination of means forindividually support.- ing each convolution of'a helical coil of metalstrip material, means for applying outwardly directed rolling pressureto the inner periphery of the coil so as uniformly to increase thenormal diameter of the respective convolutionsv thereof, and means forsimultaneously shearing through all of said" convolutions, parallel tothe axis of the coil, While the diameter of the coil is so increased.

4. In apparatus for making metal rings, the combination of individualsupports for the respective convolutions of a helical coil' of stripmetal, said sup-ports comprising rollers journaled on axes parallel tothe axis of the coil, means for applying outwardly directed pressureupon the coil so as uniformly to increase the normaldiameter thereof,and means for simultaneously severing all the convolutions of the 'coil'while the diameter of the latter is so-increased.

5-. In apparatus for making metal rings, the combination ofanti-friction means for supporting a helical coil of strip metal, meansmoving in an orbit that is eccentric to the axis of the coil forengaging the inner periphery of the coilto apply outwardly directedpressure thereagainst and thereby to increase the'diameter of the coil,and means for shearing the coil parallel to its axis while it isin'expanded condition.

6. In apparatus for making metal rings, the combination of anti-frictionmeans for supporting a helical coil of strip metal, a pair of oppositelydirected arms journaled on an axis that is eccentric with relationtosaid' coil, means-for concurrently oscillating said arms,anti-friction means carried by said arms and engageable with spacedpoints on the inner periphery of the coil for exerting pressure upon thecoil to increase the diameter thereof, and means for shearing the coilparallel to its axis while its diameter is so increased. 7

7. In apparatus for making metal rings, the combination of anti-frictionmeans for supporting a coil of strip metal, a pair of oppositelydirected arms journaled on an axis that is eccentric with relation tosaid coil, means for altering the position of the axis of said armswithrelation to the axis of the coil, means for concurrently oscillatingsaid arms, anti-friction means carried by said arms and engageable withspaced points on the inner periphery of the coil for exerting rollingpressure thereagainst to expand the coil, and means for longitudinallyshearing. the coil while it is so expanded.

8. Inapparatus for making metal rings, the combination of anti-frictionmeans for supporting a helical coil of strip metal, a pair'of oppositelydirected arms journaled on an axis that is eccentric with relation tothe axis of the coil,

. means for concurrently oscillating said arms,

anti-friction means carried by said arms and engageable with the innerperiphery of the coil, at spaced points thereon, for exerting pressureupon the coil to increase the diameter thereof, means for adjusting thepositions of the lastmentioned anti-friction means lengthwise of saidarms, and means for shearing the coil longitudinally while its diameteris so increased.

9. In apparatus for making metal rings, the combination of anti-frictionmeans for supporta helical coil of strip metal, a pair of oppositelydirected arms pivoted on an axis that is eccentric with relation to theaxis of the coil, anti-friction rollers journaled at the free ends ofsaid arms, extension arms pivotally mounted at the free ends of saidarms, anti-friction rollers journaled in the free ends of said extensionarms, means for oscillating said arms in unison whereby the rollers onsaid arms and extension arms are caused toengage the inner peripherytothe coil and exert pressure there-against to increase the diameter ofthe coil, and means for shearing the coil longitudinally While itsdiameter is so increased.

10. In apparatus for making metal rings, the combination ofanti-friction rollers for supporting a helical coil of strip metal, apair of oppositely directed spreader arms pivoted on an axis that iseccentric to the axis of the coil, anti-friction rollers at the freeends of said spreader arms, respective extension arms pivoted to thefree ends of said spreader arms, anti-friction rollers journaled at thefree ends of said extension arms,

power means for oscillating said spreader arms to cause the rollersthereon to engage the inner periphery of the work, means for oscillatingthe extension arms relatively of the spreader arms, as the latter areoscillated, to cause the rollers on the extension arms to engage thework, whereby outwardly directed pressure is applied to the work toexpand the same, and means for shearing the work longitudinally while itis so expanded.

11. A combination as defined in claim in which the means for oscillatingthe extension arms relatively of the spreader arms comprises cams thatengage the respective extension arms.

12. A combination as defined in claim 10 in which the means foroscillating the extension arms relatively of the spreader arms comprisescams that engage the respective extension arms, including yielding meansnormally urging the extension arms toward the cams.

13. In apparatus for making metal rings from a helical coil of metalstrip material, the combination of respective series of anti-frictionrollers engageable with the inner periphery of respective convolutionsof the coil, means for moving at least some of the rollers of eachseries orbitally about an axis that is eccentric to the axis of the coilto apply outwardly directed rolling pressure to said convolutions toincrease the diameter thereof, and. means for longitudinally shearingthe coil while its convolutions are so expanded.

THOMAS G. MONAHAN.

